Why France’s Peace Plans in Lebanon and Israel Failed in 2024, 2026 and Beyond
The French-led peace plan launched in 2024 aimed to end the Israel–Hezbollah conflict. It demanded Hezbollah’s disarmament and withdrawal, but deep sectarian divides and mutual distrust made these terms impossible. Israel insisted on full enforcement of UN Resolution 1701, while Lebanon lacked the capacity and political will to comply. Both sides saw the proposal as an external, top-down solution that ignored their core security concerns. Daily airstrikes and ground incursions continued, eroding trust in diplomacy. President Macron was criticized for overestimating Lebanon’s ability to challenge Hezbollah. The November 2024 ceasefire collapsed, paving the way for the 2026 Lebanon War. In early 2026, Macron offered a new deal on mutual recognition, Israeli withdrawal and final border demarcation. Heavy fighting resumed in March after Hezbollah missile strikes and Israeli reprisals. Ongoing sovereignty disputes and the impending exit of UNIFIL have stalled any agreement.
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