Iran Debates Hormuz Strategy as Gulf States Build Alternatives to the Strait
Iran is facing growing internal pressure to end the war as officials warn that prolonged conflict, sanctions and falling oil exports are worsening economic hardship. President Masoud Pezeshkian and parliamentary speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf have argued that military strength cannot be sustained without a functioning economy. Analysts in Tehran say Iran risks weakening its own leverage if it repeatedly threatens to close the Strait of Hormuz. Gulf countries are planning new pipelines and export routes that could reduce their dependence on the waterway over the next few years. The strait remains vital to global energy supplies, but wartime disruption has pushed Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, Kuwait and Iraq to seek alternative routes. The debate in Iran is whether Hormuz should remain a tool of pressure or become part of a broader regional security arrangement.
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