Peace Deals Cannot Be Built on Other People’s Ruin

This essay examines the human and economic cost of modern wars, arguing that peace negotiations often allow powerful countries to bargain over territories and lives without properly consulting those most affected. Drawing on Yalta, Ukraine, Iran, Afghanistan, Vietnam and Sudan, it questions whether major powers can be trusted to honour security guarantees when their interests change. It also argues that military strength no longer shields capitals and civilians from the consequences of war. For Africa and Nigeria, the central argument is that regional security must be designed and funded by Africans. Foreign protection promises, the essay warns, can be withdrawn when they become inconvenient.

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