How Colonial Rule and French Influence Shaped Cameroon’s Political Crisis

Cameroon’s political crisis is often linked to the colonial systems that shaped the country. Germany colonised Kamerun in the late 19th century. After the First World War, Britain and France divided the territory, creating separate English- and French-speaking administrative traditions. Cameroon became independent in 1960, but many centralised institutions and economic structures remained. France retained influence through diplomatic, military and economic ties, including the wider Françafrique system. Critics argue that these relationships often protected strategic interests and authoritarian governments, while supporters describe them as sources of stability. President Paul Biya has ruled Cameroon since 1982. His long tenure, weak political competition and the conflict in the English-speaking regions have intensified debates about succession, accountability and the country’s colonial legacy. Claims about his health and political future should be treated as unverified unless confirmed by credible official sources. Colonial history does not fully explain Cameroon’s challenges. Post-independence leadership, corruption, regional tensions and economic pressures have also shaped the country. Understanding both the historical roots and present-day decisions is important to any discussion of democratic reform and genuine sovereignty.

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