11 Schools of Feminism and What They Stand For

Feminism is not one single ideology. Different schools of feminist thought explain women’s liberation through lenses such as law, class, race, culture, the environment and colonial history. Liberal feminism focuses on equal rights and opportunities. Socialist and Marxist feminism link gender inequality to class and economic exploitation, including unpaid domestic labour. Radical feminism examines patriarchy, gender roles and power in relationships, while intersectional feminism explores how gender can overlap with race, class and disability. Black feminism, womanism, African feminism, postcolonial feminism and decolonial feminism centre the experiences of Black women and women in formerly colonised societies. Ecofeminism connects women’s liberation to environmental justice. Each school offers a different way to understand inequality and imagine change.

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