Why Arthritis Becomes More Common in Old Age

Arthritis is not an automatic result of ageing, but the risk rises as joints experience years of use. The most common type in older adults is osteoarthritis, which occurs when the cartilage cushioning the ends of bones gradually wears down. This can cause pain, stiffness, swelling, reduced movement, and grinding sensations, especially in the knees, hips, hands, and spine. Ageing is only one factor. Excess weight puts added strain on the knees and hips, while old injuries, repetitive physical work, poor posture, inactivity, smoking, and inadequate nutrition may speed up joint damage. Genetics and long-term inflammation can also increase a person's risk. Some forms of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are caused by the immune system attacking healthy joints and can begin at any age. Arthritis cannot always be prevented, but regular low-impact exercise, healthy weight management, early treatment of injuries, and medical advice for persistent joint pain can help protect mobility and reduce symptoms.

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